How the System Works
Checks & Balances
The mechanisms of self-correction.
Separation of powers is the architecture; checks and balances are the interactions between those powers.
This prevents any single branch from becoming too powerful. For example, the President can veto laws, but Congress can override the veto. The Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional. Congress controls the budget. Each power keeps the others in check.
Why Self-Correction Matters
The Founders didn't just write a list of rights; they built a machine. These principles are the gears and levers that keep the machine running. When we remove a gear, the machine breaks — regardless of our good intentions.
Examples in Practice
Presidential veto overridden by 2/3 Congressional vote. Supreme Court striking down executive action. Senate refusing to confirm presidential appointments. Each is an example of one branch checking another.